（後編）【実際の手続きと生活保護について】世帯分離ってなんですか?
世帯分離について前回どのようなものか、またメリットとデメリットをお話しました。今回は、さらに手続きをどのようにしたらよいのかをまとめていきます。実際に手続きをしようとお考えの方の手助けになると幸いです。
※まだ読んでない方はこちらからみることをお勧めします。
目次
世帯分離に必要な手続きについて
世帯分離の手続きは、現住所のある市区町村の役所で行う必要があります。
世帯内で収入の高い方を世帯分離するのがポイント
介護費用を抑えるためには、介護サービスを利用する方と、世帯の中で収入の高い方を分離して、高額介護サービス費の基準が下がるようにすることです。
例えば、被介護者である高齢者の親が、年収950万円の長男家族、年収400万円の長女家族と暮らしている場合、長男家族と世帯分離するほうがお得ということになります。
手続きができる人は
届け出が可能なのは、本人・世帯主・代理人であればいずれの方でも手続きができます。
注意が必要なのは、代理人の場合、例え親族であっても委任状が必要となる点です。
手続きに必要なもの
・世帯変更届(住民異動届)
役所の窓口で書類が用意されています。
必要事項を記入します。
市町村によってはホームページ上でダウンロードできる場合もあります。
役所のホームページを確認してみましょう。
・本人確認ができる書類
運転免許証、パスポート、マイナンバーカード(個人番号カード）、健康保険証などを用意します。保険証など顔写真がついていないものを使用する場合は、二つ用意しておく必要があります。
・委任状
代理人の方が手続きをする場合には、委任状が必要となります。
こちらも役所の窓口で書類が用意されています。
必要事項を記入します。
市町村によってはホームページ上でダウンロードできる場合もあります。
確認してみましょう。
・印鑑
世帯変更届(住民異動届)に本人署名があれば印鑑が必要ない場合もあります。
修正に印鑑を使う場合などもありますので、一緒にもっていきましょう。
・国民健康保険証（加入者のみ）
国民健康保険に加入している場合は、保険証も一緒に持っていきましょう。
上記書類を揃え、役所にいきましょう。これで手続きはできます。
手続きにおけるポイント
世帯分離を行う上で、手続きのポイントがあります。
・質問されたことや必要のないことは言わないようにしましょう
手続きの際に役所の方から世帯分離の理由を聞かれた場合に、「生計を別々にすることになったからです」と言うだけにしておくことです。本来の世帯分離の目的は、介護費用の負担軽減を対象としたものではありません。そのため、介護保険の負担軽減等の目的を伝えてしまうことで、書類の受理をしてもらえない場合があります。注意しましょう。
・国民健康保険証の発行手続き行いましょう
世帯分離後に、必要に応じて国民健康保険証の発行手続きをしましょう。
子ともが親の国民健康保険に入っていた場合に世帯分離した場合は、世帯主が子どもとなり新たな保険証が必要になるからです。
・夫婦の世帯分離は手続きが困難です
夫婦での世帯分離も申請することはできます。とは言っても、一方が老人ホームに入居しており、生計が別である場合など、明らかに生計を別々にしていることの証明必要です。また夫婦どちらかが死亡した後に書類申請などが必要となるため、手続きが困難と言えます。自治体によって、夫婦の世帯分離が認められないこともあります。世帯分離を行うか慎重に検討する必要があると言えます。
世帯分離と生活保護
生活保護を受給するための世帯分離は、実際には難しいものです。
介護負担軽減のための世帯分離と同様で、世帯分離の手続きの本来の目的が異なるからです。しかし一定の条件に当てはまるのであれば、生活保護を目的とした世帯分離でも可能である場合があります。ここでは、生活保護受給のために世帯分離をするのが可能なパターンをご紹介します。
①生計・住居を分けた上で、別居する
②介護老人保健施設以外の介護保険施設に入居してもらう
①生計・住居を分けた上で、別居する
生活保護を受給するために申請をする際、生活保護受給の要件を満たしていなければ受理されません。
受理されてはじめて、福祉事務所で生活保護受給となるかどうかが決定します。
生活保護受給の場合の世帯分離は、完全に住む家が別で、生活にかかるお金の出所も別である必要があります。
住民票上でも世帯分離の手続きを行い、完全に生活する家を切り離します。
生活にかかるお金の出所である口座が全く別であれば対象はなります。
②介護老人保健施設以外の介護保険施設に入居してもらう
介護保険制度を利用している場合で、特別養護老人ホームなどの介護保険施設に入居すると、生活保護受給のための世帯分離の申請は受理されます。
世帯分離をして、入居者本人の口座を分けておき、入居者自身の利用料金を本人が出していることを証明することができれば可能となります。
まとめ
世帯分離の手続き自体は難しい物ではありません。とは言っても、受理されるかどうか条件があります。手続きを踏むまでにしっかりと手順を踏み、準備をする必要があります。
生活保護も世帯分離に関わってくる場合があります。いずれにしても、今のご家族の環境で
どの手続きが良いか、また手続きをスムーズに進めるには専門家に相談するのがよいでしょう。
「今後の生活環境が変わる事への不安」や「介護を使って生活をどうデザインをしていったら良いか」など介護は協力体制で成り立っております。 ちょっとでも解決できる、ストレス軽減できる記事を目指し、一つの相談場所のメディアを目指しております。
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